Historical events on this day

25 Mar 1150

Tichborne family of Hampshire England start tradition of giving gallon of flour to residents to keep deathbed promise

25 Mar 1409

Council of Pisa opens - elects Antipope Alexander V

25 Mar 1436

Florentine cathedral Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore with dome by Filippo Brunelleschi consecrated by Pope Eugene IV (begun 1296)

25 Mar 1571

Catholic Italian businessman Roberto Ridolfi leaves England

25 Mar 1593

Recantation of Loos Dutch scholar Coinelius Loos recants his earlier written protest against witchcraft persecution in Trier Germany before officials in Brussels

25 Mar 1598

Cornelis de Houtmans fleet departs for East-Indies

25 Mar 1634

Under charter granted to Lord Baltimore and led by his brother Leonard Calvert first settlers found Catholic colony of Maryland

25 Mar 1647

Cape of Good Hope tour ship Haerlem stranded in Tafel Bay

25 Mar 1655

Christiaan Huygens discovers Titan (Saturns largest satellite)

25 Mar 1669

Mount Etna in Sicily erupts destroying Nicolosi killing 20000

25 Mar 1802

Great Britain and the French Republic sign the Treaty of Amiens

25 Mar 1807

First fare-paying passenger railway service in the world established on the Oystermouth Railway in Swansea Wales

25 Mar 1811

Percy Bysshe Shelley is expelled from the University of Oxford for his publication of the pamphlet The Necessity of Atheism

25 Mar 1813

1st US flag flown in battle on the Pacific frigate Essex

25 Mar 1817

Tsar Alexander I recommends formation of Society of Israeli Christians

25 Mar 1820

Greece freedom revolt against anti Ottoman attack

25 Mar 1821

The Greek revolution against the Ottoman Turks is officially declared with hostilities having started two months earlier

25 Mar 1852

Friedrich Hebbels Agnes Bernauer premieres in Munich

25 Mar 1857

Frederick Laggenheim takes 1st photo of a solar eclipse

25 Mar 1857

douard-Lon Scott de Martinville receives a patent for his phonautograph a device which created visual images of sound

25 Mar 1865

Battle of Petersburg In an unsuccessful counter attack Confederate forces attack Fort Stedman

25 Mar 1865

Battle of Mobile Alabama (Spanish Fort Fort Morgan Fort Blakely)

25 Mar 1865

SS General Lyon at Cape Hatteras catches fire & sinks killing 400

25 Mar 1881

43rd Grand National Irish jockey Tommy Beasley wins his second consecutive GN aboard 112 co-favourite Woodbrook

25 Mar 1882

1st demonstration of pancake making held at a department store in NYC

25 Mar 1887

49th Grand National Bill Daniels aboard 201 chance Gamecock wins by 3 lengths from Savoyard

25 Mar 1888

Socialist leader Domela Nieuwenhuis elected to Dutch 2nd chamber

25 Mar 1889

1st Test Cricket match played at Newlands Cape Town v England

25 Mar 1894

Coxeys Army of the unemployed sets out from Massillon Ohio for Washington D.C.

25 Mar 1896

Modern Olympics began in Athens Greece [NSApr 6]

25 Mar 1898

Intercollegiate Trapshooting Association formed in NYC

25 Mar 1898

60th Grand National John Gourley wins aboard 251 shot Drogheda

25 Mar 1898

Swami Vivekananda initiates Margaret Noble (Sister Nivedita) into vow of Brahmacharya first western woman received into Indian monastic order

25 Mar 1901

55 die as Rock Island train derailed near Marshalltown Iowa

25 Mar 1902

Irving W Colburn patents sheet glass drawing machine

25 Mar 1902

In Russia 567 students are tried for rioting and political disaffection are found guilty 95 are banished to Siberia

25 Mar 1903

Racing Club de Avellaneda one of the big five of Argentina is founded.

25 Mar 1904

66th Grand National Arthur Birch wins aboard 251 New Zealand bred Moifaa horse survives shipwreck off Ireland a year earlier

25 Mar 1905

Confederate battle flags captured during the American Civil War are returned to South

25 Mar 1907

Stanley Cup Winnipeg Auditorium Winnipeg Manitoba Montreal Wanderers lose to Kenora Thistles 6-5 but win on 2 game aggregate 12-8

25 Mar 1908

Clube Atletico Mineiro Founded in Belo Horizonte Brazil.

25 Mar 1910

Chalmers Auto Co offers a new car to each leagues batting champ

25 Mar 1911

L D Swamikannu publishes Manual of Indian Chronology in Bombay

25 Mar 1911

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory catches fire 145 die all but 13 girls

25 Mar 1913

Great Dayton Flood winter rains cause Great Miami River to flood Ohios greatest natural disaster

25 Mar 1924

Stanley Cup Final Ottawa Auditorium Ottawa ON Montreal Canadiens (NHL) beat Calgary Tigers (WCHL) 3-0 for a 2-0 series sweep

25 Mar 1927

86th Grand National 81 favourite Sprig wins ridden by jockey Ted Leader trained by his father Tom Leader

25 Mar 1931

Hal Kemp & his orchestra record Whistles with Skinnay Ennis

25 Mar 1931

Scottsboro Boys (accused of raping a white woman) arrested in Alabama

25 Mar 1934

1st Masters Golf Tournament Horton Smith wins shooting a 284

25 Mar 1913

Home of vaudeville Palace Theatre opens (NYC) starring Ed Wynn

25 Mar 1915

1st submarine disaster a US F-4 sank off Hawaii killing 21

25 Mar 1915

German U boat torpedoes Netherlands merchant ship Medea

25 Mar 1916

Jess Willard fights Frank Moran to no decision in 10 for heavyweight boxing title in NYC

25 Mar 1918

The Belarusian Peoples Republic is established.

25 Mar 1923

British government grants Trans-Jordan autonomy

25 Mar 1924

Greek parliament selects admiral Paul Koundouriotis as premier

25 Mar 1936

200-inch mirror blank leaves for California to be ground

25 Mar 1936

Detroit Red Wings beat Montreal Maroons in NHL longest game (2h56m30s)

25 Mar 1937

Italy & Yugoslavia sign non-aggression treaty (Pact of Belgrade)

25 Mar 1937

Lionel Conacher misses on 1st Stanley Cup penalty shot

25 Mar 1937

Washington Daily News is 1st US newspaper with perfumed advertising page

25 Mar 1938

97th Grand National 17 year old jockey Bruce Hobbs wins aboard 401 Battleship first US bred and owned winner only horse to win GN and American Grand National (1934)

25 Mar 1939

Billboard Magazine introduces hillbilly (country) music chart

25 Mar 1941

Carolina Paprika Mills in Dillon South Carolina incorporated

25 Mar 1942

1st 700 Jews from Polish Lvov district reach the Beec Concentration camp

25 Mar 1943

97% of all Dutch physicians strike againt nazi registration

25 Mar 1944

RAF Flight Sgt Nicholas Alkemade survives a jump from his Lancaster bomber from 18000 feet over Germany without a parachute his fall broken by pine trees and soft snow he suffers only a sprained leg

25 Mar 1945

US 1st army breaks out bridgehead near Remagen

25 Mar 1945

US 4th Armored div arrives at Hanau & Aschaffenburg

25 Mar 1945

US Northern Tractor Flotilla departs Ulithi to Okinawa

25 Mar 1947

9th NCAA Mens Basketball Championship Holy Cross beats Oklahoma 58-47

25 Mar 1947

Coal mine explosion in Centralia Ill claims 111

25 Mar 1947

Last day of Test cricket for Walter Hammond (v NZ Christchurch)

25 Mar 1950

104th Grand National Jimmy Power wins aboard 101 Irish co-favourite Freebooter estimated 50000 in attendance including Royal Family

25 Mar 1950

Wales outclasses France 21-0 at the National Stadium Cardiff to clinch the Five Nations Rugby Championship Grand Slam and Triple Crown

25 Mar 1951

5th Tony Awards Guys & Dolls (musical) & Rose Tatoo (play) win

25 Mar 1951

E Purcell & EM Ewen detect 21-cm radiation at Harvard physics lab

25 Mar 1954

Pope Pius XII encyclical Sacra virginitas (On consecrated virginity)

25 Mar 1954

RCA manufactures 1st color TV set (12 screen at 1000)

25 Mar 1955

East Germany granted full sovereignty by occupying power USSR

25 Mar 1957

Treaty of Rome establishes European Economic Community (Common Market)

25 Mar 1958

West German parliament desires German atomic weapons

25 Mar 1959

Bill White traded to St Louis for pitchers Sam Jones & Don Choate

25 Mar 1959

French President De Gaulle acknowledges Oder-Neisse boundary

25 Mar 1960

1st guided missile launched from nuclear powered sub (Halibut)

25 Mar 1960

Ford Frick voids Indians-Red Sox deal as Sam White retires

25 Mar 1961

13 Daughters closes at 54th St Theater NYC after 28 performances

25 Mar 1961

Gypsy closes at Broadway Theater NYC after 702 performances

25 Mar 1961

23rd NCAA Mens Basketball Championship Cincinnati beats Ohio State 70-65 (OT)

25 Mar 1961

Explorer 10 launched into elongated Earth orbit (177181000 km)

25 Mar 1961

Sputnik 10 carries a dog into Earth orbit later recovered

25 Mar 1961

3rd place game is one of the wildest contests in NCAA Tournament history as St Josephs defeats Utah 127-120 in quadruple overtime

25 Mar 1961

115th Grand National Bobby Beasley wins aboard Nicolaus Silver 5 lengths ahead of defending champion Merryman II first grey winner for 90 years

25 Mar 1962

Family Affair closes at Billy Rose Theater NYC after 65 performances

25 Mar 1963

KWHY TV channel 22 in Los Angeles CA (IND) begins broadcasting

25 Mar 1965

West German Bondsdag extends war crimes retribution

25 Mar 1966

US Supreme court rules poll tax unconstitutional

25 Mar 1966

Beatles pose with mutilated dolls & butchered meat for the cover of the Yesterday & Today album It is later pulled

25 Mar 1967

29th NCAA Mens Basketball Championship UCLA beats Dayton 79-64

25 Mar 1967

Who & Cream make US debut at Murray the Ks Easter Show

25 Mar 1968

KLVX TV channel 10 in Las Vegas NV (PBS) begins broadcasting

25 Mar 1968

Members of the Derry Housing Action Committee (DHAC) disrupt a meeting of Londonderry Corporation to protest at the lack of housing provision in the city Northern Ireland

25 Mar 1969

Pakistan General Agha Mohammed Jagja Khan succeeds Ayub Chan as president

25 Mar 1969

Ian Paisley and Ronald Bunting loyalists in Northern Ireland are jailed for organising an illegal counter demonstration in Armagh on 30 November 1968

25 Mar 1970

Concorde makes its 1st supersonic flight (700 MPH1127 KPH)

25 Mar 1971

European council accepts Mansholt plan laying off 5 million farmers

25 Mar 1972

Selling of the President closes at Shubert Theater NYC after 5 performances

25 Mar 1972

34th NCAA Mens Basketball Championship UCLA beats Florida 81-76 6th straight title for Bruins

25 Mar 1972

UCLA wins its 6th consecutive national basketball title

25 Mar 1972

17th Eurovision Song Contest Vicky Leandros for Luxembourg wins singing Apres toi in Edinburgh

25 Mar 1973

AIAW Womens Basketball Tournament Immaculata beats Queens College 59-52 Immaculata 1st undefeated team in New York

25 Mar 1973

27th Tony Awards That Championship Season and Little Night Music win

25 Mar 1976

My Fair Lady opens at St James Theater NYC for 384 performances

25 Mar 1976

Rex opens at Lunt-Fontaine Theater NYC for 48 performances

25 Mar 1976

Argentine miltary junta bans leftist political parties

25 Mar 1978

AIAW Womens Basketball Tournament UCLA beat Maryland 90-74 in Los Angeles

25 Mar 1979

Major riot at Bourda prevents days play in WSC Supertest

25 Mar 1979

AIAW Womens Basketball Tournament Old Dominion beat Louisiana Tech 75-65 in Greensboro

25 Mar 1979

PGA Tournament Players Championship Sawgrass CC Lanny Wadkins wins in windy conditions 5 strokes ahead of runner-up Tom Watson

25 Mar 1982

1st broadcast of Cagney & Lacey starring Sharon Gless and Tyne Daly on CBS-TV

25 Mar 1983

Christa Rothenburger skates world record 500 m ladies (39.69 sec)

25 Mar 1983

Pavel Pegov skates world record 1000m (112.58)

25 Mar 1985

Edwin Meese III takes office as US Attorney General

25 Mar 1986

Mens Figure Skating Championship in Geneva won by Brian Boitano (USA)

25 Mar 1986

Supreme Court rules Air Force could ban wearing of yarmulkes

25 Mar 1986

Kurt Browning (Canada) becomes 1st skater to land a quadruple jump

25 Mar 1987

Supreme Court rules women and minorities may get jobs if less qualified

25 Mar 1988

Les Miserables opens at Chunichi Theatre Nagoya Japan

25 Mar 1989

Les Miserables opens at Auditorium Theatre Chicago

25 Mar 1990

Lettice & Lovage opens at Barrymore Theater NYC for 284 performances

25 Mar 1990

10th Golden Raspberry Awards Star Trek V wins

25 Mar 1991

Allan Border takes 5-68 v WI at Bourda () Georgetown

25 Mar 1991

Nigerian crude becomes competitive in US Gulf Coast as Nigeria cuts crude prices

25 Mar 1581

Portuguese Cortes calls Philip II king of Portugal

25 Mar 1934

1st Augusta National Invitation Tournament (Masters) Golf Horton Smith wins with 20-foot birdie putt at the 17th hole 1 stroke ahead of Craig Wood

25 Mar 1947

9th NCAA Mens Basketball Championship Holy Cross beats Oklahoma 58-47 Crusaders first victory in first title game

25 Mar 1949

The Soviet Union begins Operation Pribioi the mass deportation of 90000 Estonians Latvians and Lithuanians to inhospitable areas in the Soviet Union

25 Mar 1436

Florentine cathedral Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore with then the largest dome in the world by Filippo Brunelleschi consecrated by Pope Eugene IV (begun 1296)

25 Mar 1813

1st US flag flown in battle on the Pacific by the frigate Essex

25 Mar 1847

Pope Pius issues IX encyclical On aid for Ireland

25 Mar 1851

Yosemite Valley discovery made public by Major James D. Savage and Captain John Boling after being shown by Indian guides in California

25 Mar 1852

Friedrich Hebbels tragedy Agnes Bernauer premieres in Munich

25 Mar 1863

1st US Army Medal of Honor awarded to six army soldiers by US Secretary of War Edwin Stanton in Washington

25 Mar 1876

Glasgow 1st soccer match Scotland defeat Wales (4-0)

25 Mar 1902

Irving W. Colburn patents sheet glass drawing machine

25 Mar 1911

L. D. Swamikannu publishes Manual of Indian Chronology in Bombay

25 Mar 1911

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory catches fire 145 die all but 13 girls in Greenwich Village New York

25 Mar 1915

1st submarine disaster a US F-4 sinks off Hawaii killing 21

25 Mar 1931

Scottsboro Boys arrested in Alabama accused of raping a white woman

25 Mar 1936

200-inch mirror blank to build the Hale telescope leaves Corning New York for California (then largest telescopic mirror ever made)

25 Mar 1943

97% of all Dutch physicians strike against Nazi registration

25 Mar 1945

US 1st army breaks out bridgehead near Remagen Germany after crossing the Rhine

25 Mar 1947

Coal mine explosion in Centralia Illinois kills 111

25 Mar 1951

5th Tony Awards Guys & Dolls (musical) and The Rose Tattoo (play) win

25 Mar 1966

Beatles pose for photographer Robert Whitaker with mutilated dolls and butchered meat for the cover of the Yesterday & Today album it is later pulled

25 Mar 1976

Argentine military junta bans leftist political parties

25 Mar 1979

Space Shuttle Columbia arrives at Kennedy Space Centre to prepare for its first launch which would eventually happen in 1981

25 Mar 1987

The US Supreme Court rules that gender-based workplace affirmative action plans do not constitute discrimination on the basis of sex under the Civil Rights Act 1964

25 Mar 1992

British scientists find new largest perfect (2 756839 -1 2 756839)

25 Mar 1305

Consecration of the Scrovegni Chapel (Arena Chapel) in Padua Italy with fresco masterpiece by Florentine painter Giotto

25 Mar 1961

13 Daughters closes at 54th St Theater NYC after 28 performances

25 Mar 1966

Beatles pose for photographer Robert Whitaker with mutilated dolls and butchered meat for album cover of Yesterday & Today it is later pulled from circulation and replaced with a different photo

25 Mar 1973

27th Tony Awards That Championship Season (play) and A Little Night Music (musical) win

25 Mar 1931

Hal Kemp & his Orchestra record Whistles with Skinnay Ennis as vocalist in NYC

25 Mar 1951

Edward Mills Purcell and Harold I. Ewen detect 21-cm radiation at Harvard physics lab

25 Mar 1954

RCA manufactures the 1st color TV set featured a 12.5-inch screen and cost 1000

25 Mar 1960

First guided missile launched from a nuclear powered submarine (USS Halibut)

25 Mar 1967

USSR performs nuclear test at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeast Kazakhstan

25 Mar 1971

NFL football team Boston Patriots become New England Patriots as they relocate to Foxboro. Massachusetts

25 Mar 1983

Motown 25 a concert celebrating the anniversary of Motown records is taped for broadcast at the Civic Auditorium in Pasadena California performers include The Miracles The Temptations The Four Tops Diana Ross and the Supremes The Jackson 5 and Michael Jackson who unveils his moonwalk dance move

25 Mar 1992

Cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev returns to Earth after a 10-month stay aboard the Mir space station.

25 Mar 1992

ICC Mens Cricket ODI World Cup Melbourne Cricket Ground Australia Pakistan beats England by 22 runs for their first trophy Player of the Match Wasim Akram (PAK) 33 (18) & 349

25 Mar 1994

Gunda Niemann skates ladies world record 3 km (409.32)

25 Mar 1994

Yasunori Miyabe skates world record 1000 m (112.37)

25 Mar 1995

Boxer Mike Tyson released from jail after serving 3 years

25 Mar 1996

Comet C B2 (Hyakutake) approaches within 0.1018 AUs of Earth

25 Mar 1996

Freedom Shoemakers on Maryports Solway Estate closes

25 Mar 1996

Ice Dance Championship at Edmonton won by Gritshuk & Platov (RUS)

25 Mar 1996

Ice Pairs Championship at Edmonton won by Eltsova & Bushkov (RUS)

25 Mar 2002

TV reality show The Bachelor hosted by Chris Harrison debuts on ABC in the US

25 Mar 1996

The European Unions Veterinarian Committee bans the export of British beef and its by-products as a result of mad cow disease (BSE).

25 Mar 1997

Indians trade Lofton & Embree to Braves for Grissom & Justice

25 Mar 2006

Capitol Hill massacre A gunman kills six people before taking his own life at a party in Seattles Capitol Hill neighborhood

25 Mar 2006

Protesters demanding a re-election in Belarus following the rigged Belarusian presidential election clash with riot police. Opposition leader Aleksander Kozulin is among several protesters arrested.

25 Mar 1505

7th Spanish India Armada of 21 ships led by Francisco de Almeida departs Lisbon aiming to establish a Portuguese Viceroy in India

25 Mar 1865

Battle of Petersburg Confederate forces launch an unsuccessful counterattack on Fort Stedman

25 Mar 1974

Chipko forest conservation movement begins in Reni Village Western Himalayas India when local woman Gaura Devi hugs a tree to prevent its logging [1]

25 Mar 1975

St Catherines Monastery on the Sinai peninsula discovers a cache of manuscript fragments including pages of the Codex Sinaiticus and a palimpsest with the first ever example of Caucasian Albanian [1]

25 Mar 1647

Dutch East India Company ship Nieuw Haarlem is shipwrecked without loss of life in shallow waters in Table Bay Cape of Good Hope leading to the founding of the Dutch Cape Colony [1]

25 Mar 1669

Mount Etna erupts in Sicily destroying Nicolosi and killing about 20000 people

25 Mar 1813

The first US flag is flown in battle in the Pacific by the frigate Essex

25 Mar 1817

Tsar Alexander I recommends the formation of the Society of Israelite Christians

25 Mar 1821

The Greek Revolution against the Ottoman Empire is officially declared after hostilities begin two months earlier

25 Mar 1856

Ambrose E. Burnside patents the Burnside carbine

25 Mar 1865

American steamship General Lyon catches fire and sinks off Cape Hatteras killing about 500 people

25 Mar 1876

Glasgow hosts Wales first international soccer match Scotland defeats Wales 4 to 0

25 Mar 1882

First demonstration of pancake making held at a department store in NYC

25 Mar 1889

First Test cricket match is played at Newlands in Cape Town between South Africa and England

25 Mar 1898

Swami Vivekananda initiates Margaret Noble (Sister Nivedita) into the vow of Brahmacharya the first Western woman received into an Indian monastic order

25 Mar 1898

The Intercollegiate Trapshooting Association forms in New York City

25 Mar 1900

The Socialist Party of America forms in Indianapolis

25 Mar 1903

Racing Club de Avellaneda one of Argentinas Big Five clubs is founded

25 Mar 1910

Chalmers Auto Co offers a new car to each leagues batting champion

25 Mar 1913

Home of vaudeville the Palace Theatre opens in New York City with Ed Wynn

25 Mar 1915

First US submarine disaster Submarine F-4 sinks off Hawaii killing 21

25 Mar 1924

Greek Parliament selects Admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis as prime minister

25 Mar 1935

The first Belgian government led by Paul van Zeeland resigns

25 Mar 1937

Lionel Conacher misses the first penalty shot in Stanley Cup Final history

25 Mar 1939

Billboard Magazine introduces the hillbilly (country) music chart

25 Mar 1945

US 4th Armored Division arrives in Hanau and Aschaffenburg

25 Mar 1945

US Northern Tractor Flotilla departs Ulithi for Okinawa

25 Mar 1947

Agreement of Linggadjati is ratified in Batavia

25 Mar 1947

Walter Hammond plays his final Test cricket match against New Zealand in Christchurch

25 Mar 1954

RCA manufactures the first color TV set featuring a 12.5-inch screen and costing 1000

25 Mar 1958

West German parliament expresses support for German nuclear weapons

25 Mar 1959

New York Giants first baseman Bill White traded to St Louis Cardinals for pitchers Sam Jones and Don Choate

25 Mar 1961

Explorer 10 launches into a highly elongated Earth orbit of about 177 by 181000 km

25 Mar 1967

The Who and Cream make their US debut at Murray the Ks Easter Show

25 Mar 1972

Soft rock trio Americas debut album America goes 1

25 Mar 1979

Major riot at Bourda prevents days play in the WSC Supertest

25 Mar 1982

First broadcast of Cagney & Lacey starring Sharon Gless and Tyne Daly airs on CBS

25 Mar 1983

Christa Rothenburger sets the womens 500 m speed skating world record at 39.69 seconds

25 Mar 1983

Pavel Pegov skates a world-record 1000 m in 112.58

25 Mar 1986

The Supreme Court rules that the Air Force can ban the wearing of yarmulkes (brimless Jewish skullcaps)

25 Mar 1990

Fire at an illegal New York City social club kills 87

25 Mar 2006

Protesters demand a re-election in Belarus following a rigged presidential election and clash with riot police. Opposition leader Aleksander Kozulin is among several protesters arrested.

25 Mar 2009

Gay dating site Grindr launched by Joel Simkhai first ever dating application to combine dating information and location

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